Key Instruments for Energy Audit
Q. Which Instruments are used for Electrical Energy Audit
Q. Name of Electrical Instruments used for Energy Audit.
Q. Energy Audit Instruments List.
1. Electrical Measuring Instruments : Electrical measuring instruments are used for measuring major electrical parameters such as kVA kW, p.f., Hertz, kVAr, Amps and Volts. In addition some of these instruments also measure harmonics. These are applied on running motors without any need to stop the motor. Instant measurements can be taken with hand-held meters, while more advanced ones facilitates cumulative readings with print outs at specified intervals.
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| Electrical Measuring Instruments |
2. Combustion Analyzer : This instrument has in-built chemical cells which measure various gases such as O2, CO2, NOX, and SOX.
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| Combustion Analyzer |
3. Fuel Efficiency Monitor : This measures oxygen and temperature of the flue gas. Calorific values of common fuels are fed into the microprocessor which calculates the combustion efficiency.
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| Fuel Efficiency Monitor |
4. Fyrite : A hand bellow pump draws the flue gas sample into the solution inside the fyrite. A chemical reaction changes the liquid volume revealing the amount of gas. A separate fyrite can be used for O2, and CO2 measurement.
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| Fyrite |
5. Lux Meters : Illumination levels are measured with a lux meter.It consists of a photo cell which senses the light output, converts to electrical impulses which are calibrated as lux.
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| Lux Meters |
6. Leak Detectors : Ultrasonic instruments are available which can be used to detect leaks of compressed air and other gases which are normally not possible to detect with human abilities.
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| Leak Detectors |
7. Speed Measurements : In any audit exercise speed measurements are critical as they may change with frequency, belt slip and loading. A simple tachometer is a contact type instrument which can be used where direct access is possible. More sophisticated and safer ones are non-contact instruments such as stroboscopes.
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| Speed Measurements |
8. Water Flowmeter : This is a non-contact flow measuring device using Doppler effect/ Ultra sonic principle. There is a transmitter and receiver which are positioned on opposite sides of the pipe. The meter directly gives the flow. Water and other fluid flows can be easily measured with this meter.
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| Water Flowmeter |
9. Pitot Tube and Manometer : Air velocity in ducts can be measured using a pitot tube and inclined manometer for further calculation of flows.
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| Pitot tube and Manometer |
10. Infrared Thermometer : This is a non-contact type measurement which when directed at a heat source directly gives the temperature read out. This is useful for measuring hot spots in furnaces, surface temperatures etc.
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| Infrared Thermometer |
11. Contact Thermometer : These are thermocouples which measures flue gas, hot air, hot water temperatures by insertion of probe into the stream. For surface temperature, a leaf type probe is used with the same instrument.
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| Contact Thermometer |