Properties of Biogas
- Even at very low temperature the biogas readily mixes with air. So It does not need to provide rich mixture at starting time.
- It has very good antiknock properties.
- It is a safe fuel.
Uses :
- Biogas can be used in petrol engines, diesel engines as a fuel for cooking, for power plant to produce electricity, pumping of water, as fuel for furnaces.
Materials for Biogas :
- Animal wastes: Cattle dung, urine, poultry droppings, fish wastes, house waste, piggery waste etc.
- Human waste: Faeces, unin.
- Agricultural waste: Sugarcane trash, bagasse, tobacco waste, oil cake, fruit vegetable waste.
- Industrial waste: Sugar factory, tannery papers etc.
Advantages of Bio gas production :
- Low cost of production.
- Can be used for cooking, pumping to drive engines, lighting.
- Waste is used as a fertilizer.
Principle of Biogas Production :
General layout of electricity generation using Biogas :
Main components: (1) Biomass (inout), (2) Combustion chamber, (3) Boiler, (4) Steam turbine, (5) Alternator, (6) Condenser, (7) Exhaust gases, (8) Steam valve (speed adjustor).
Working of electricity generation using Biogas :
Biomass is combusted in the combustion chamber. Heat goes to boiler to produce steam-It goes to drive steam turbine-in turn turbine drives the alternator which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. Low pressure steam goes to condenser-Steam condenses and pumped back to boiler, cycles repeated.