Advantages and Disadvantages of Nuclear Power Plant
Advantages of Nuclear Power Plant
- A nuclear power plant reduces the demand for coal, oil, gas. Thus saving the reserves of natural resources.
- The area occupied by nuclear power plant is negligible as compared to that required for conventional power stations of same capacity.
- Small amount of fuel is required. 1 kg of 92235 U produces heat equivalent to heat produced by burning 2800 tonnes of high grade coal. This saves the transportation cost.
- Location of nuclear power plant is practically independent of geographical factors. For example, in case of hydro power plant, it has to be located at a place where plenty of water storage with sufficient head is available. Thermal power plant is located where coal is available or any transport facility is available. The only requirement from geographical point of view is sufficient water supply is available.
- It can be located near load centres.
- It is economical If bulk electric power is to be produced.
- Operation is dean, no ash and no toxic fumes etc.
- It ensures reliability of operations.
Disadvantages of Nuclear Power Plant
- The fuel required is not readily available.
- High capital cost.
- The erection and commissioning work is complicated and requires expertise.
- Not suited for varying loads because the reactor control does not respond efficiently to load variations.
- The danger of radiation is always present and high safety standards are to be practiced and maintained.
- The radioactive waste is harmful and disposal of such waste is problematic.
- High maintenance charges.
- There is always a danger of accident or terrorism when transporting nuclear fuel or nuclear waste.
- Enrichment technology is essential for fuel processing and fabrication.