Ideal Transformer Diagram Properties Working and Phasor Diagram

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Ideal Transformer
The ideal transformer has following properties.

  1. Negligible current for establishing flux in the core.
  2. There is no magnetic leakage.
  3. Windings have no ohmic resistance. So resistance of primary and secondary winding is zero.
  • Consider an ideal transformer shown in Figure. The primary is connected to ac supply of V1 volt and secondary is kept open.
  • The primary winding draws current Iμ which is known as magnetizing current. As the name suggests, its function is to magnetise the core i.e. to establish magnetic flux in the core.
  • The magnetizing current (Iμ) is purely inductive current, it magnetises the core and produces flux (ф) in the core.
  • Thus supply voltage V1 is applied to primary, it draws Iμ and produces ф.
  • Since Iμ inductive current, it lags V1 by 90°. The flux ф is produced by Iμ Hence Iμ and ф are in phase. The waveforms and corresponding phasor diagram according to this, is shown in Figure.
  • Since Iμ is alternating current, the flux ф is also alternating which links with primary and secondary and produces self induced emf E1 in primary and mutually induced emf E2 in secondary. E1 and E2 act in opposite direction (180° apart) to V1.
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