Compare Pelton Wheel and kaplan Turbine in Hydro Power Plant

Pelton
wheel

Kaplan
turbine

1. Jet flow of water is tangential to the axis of
rotation.

1. Water flow through the runner is axial in
nature.

2. High working head. absis of the Type of Flow of Water, Suitability for Type of Head and Flow, Construction and Control of water

2. Low working head.

3. Low flow rate must be required.

3. Large flow rate must be required.

4. Low discharge.

4. Very high discharge.

5. It consist of a wheel with rounded, spoonlike
buckets along its perimeter to catch a fluid. Water is transferred from a
high head source through the penstock, which is fitted with a nozzie through
which the water flows out as a high speed jet.

5. The kaplan turbine consist of propeller type of
blades which works reverse. By using shaft power displacing the water axially
and creating axial thrust in the turbine. The water flows axially and it
creates axial forces on the Kaplan turbine blades to produce generating shaft
power.

6. The amount of water striking the buckets is
controlled by providing a spear in the nozzie.

6. A governing mechanism, which controls position
of guide vanes is used to control water flow rate.

7. Low specific speed.

7. High specific speed.

8. It is a impulse turbine.

8. It is a reaction turbine.

9. Head : 90-1100 m.

9. Head : 3-30 m.

10. Specific speed : 10-40

10. Specific speed : 550-830 r.p.m.