Electrical Power Plant Teams and Definitions
Q. What is maximum demand in electrical?
Q. What is load factor in power plant?
Maximum Demand : The maximum demand of the power station is equal to maximum load on the station considered in a given period of time, the load curve is drawn on taking average load against time in hours. Hence, the maximum demand on hourly basis is represented by M.D. The practical use of M.D. is made in deciding the capacity of the generating units.
Cold reserve : It is the reserve generating capacity which is available for service but is not in operation.
Hot reserve : It is the reserve generating capacity which is available in operation but is not in service.
Plant capacity factor : It is the ratio of average demand on the station to the maximum installed capacity of the station.
Plant use factor : It is the ratio of average demand to the rated capacity.
Diversity factor : It is the ratio of the sum of maximum demand of the individual category to the maximum demand of the power station.
Load factor : The ratio of number of units actually generated in a given period to the number of units which could have been generated with the same maximum demand is called as load factor for the station.
Firm power : It is the power to be always available even during adverse condition .
Spinning reserve : It is that generating capacity which is connected to the bus and is ready to take load.
Average demand : The average of loads occurring on the power station in a given period (day or month or year) is known as average demand.
Connected Load : It is the sum of load of all equipments connected to supply system which are in use or not in use of each consumer.
Captive power generation : Captive power plants are those power plants which operate independent of wheeling to grid. They are mostly meant by in-house power generation for industry and not selling the power to grid of electricity boards. For example, a DG set for a small industry is a captive power plant or a large thermal plant for a cement Industry or smelter is also a captive power plant.