Reasons for High Commercial Losses

 Reasons for High Commercial Losses Consumers such as agricultural using load on HP basis, extend their load without obtaining proper sections. Meter reading may be taken wrong purposefully. Some consumers adopt wrong connection i.e., they use some energy bypassing the meter. Some consumers, stop the working of meter by mechanical jerks using powerful magnets to … Read more

Commercial Or Non- Technical Losses in Transmission

Commercial Or Non- Technical Losses in Transmission Q. State various commercial losses in transmission and distribution systems.  Commercial or Non – technical losses : The loss of energy which does not take place in the transmission sub-transmission or distribution lines and equipment’s comes under category. As the loss of energy in this class directly affect … Read more

Simple PayBack Period

Simple Pay-Back Period Q. Define and explain the procedure to calculate the payback period. Also state its significance.  Simple Payback Period (SPP) shows as a first approximation, the time (number of years) required to recover the initial investment (First Cost),considering only the net annual saving the simple payback period is normally calculated as follows :  … Read more

Recommended illuminance Levels for Various Tasks/Activities / Locations

Recommended Illuminance Levels for Various Tasks/Activities/ Locations      (A) Recommendations on Illuminance : Scales of illuminance : The minimum illuminance for all non-working interiors, has been mentioned as 20 Lux (as per IS 3646) A factor of approximately 15 represents the smallest significant difference in subjective effect of illuminances. Therefore , the following scale … Read more

Electrical Tests are Carried Out Before Commissioning of Transformer

Electrical Tests are Carried Out Before Commissioning of Transformer Q. Which electrical tests are carried out before commissioning of transformer.  Electrical test carried on transformer : Electrical tests : Check winding resistance as per given values.  Check insulation resistance between windings, between windings and core. With external body.   Take reduced voltage run test. Check cooling … Read more

Minimizing Transmission and Distribution Losses

Minimizing Transmission and Distribution Losses (Related to Commercial Losses) Provide 100 % metering : Install meters at all the transformation stages of lines and take accurate meter readings. Install static meters at the premises of every consumer with proper sealing and see that correct readings are taken.  Install static meters on all feeders and distribution … Read more